In the fictional wargame Warhammer 40,000, the Tyranids are a nomadic alien race comprising many genetically engineered organisms that range greatly in size and purpose. They are many times referred to as "The Great Devourer", "The Shadow in the Warp", "The Tyranid Swarm" and other equally dramatic names and are commonly said to be the "most alien race" in the galaxy where the game is set, since the Tyranid fleets started to pierce into the galaxy from the galactic void (which would suggest they traveled from another galaxy). The purpose of the Tyranids is the consumption of anything and everything they can access, and under this motive, the Tyranid fleets masacre entire systems to then consume all the fauna and flora, along with any form of civilisation there may be, before consuming the atmosphere, and sometimes even the planet's crust itself.
Their "Hive Fleets", Which are made of a range of space-born organisms, transport the Tyranid invasion organisms between continents, planets, systems, and even galaxies. Not only do the "Hive Fleets" take a significant role in the background and fiction of the Warhammer 40,000 universe, but have been given their own models for use in the "Specialist Game" Battlefleet Gothic[1]. This page details the status and aspects of the Tyranids' Hive Fleets. For information concerning the history of invasions, see the Tyranids page. For more information concerning how the Tyranids and their ships devour worlds and then reproduce, see the Tyranid Genetics page.
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In the Warhammer 40,000 miniature game and the supporting fiction, 3 major Tyranid hive fleets have invaded the Warhammer 40,000 galaxy. One such Fleet invasion is portrayed in the Warhammer 40,000: Starter Set for 4th edition called "The Battle for Macragge".[2] Before their official introduction as part of the Tyranid army, the Imperium managed to destroy four smaller, supposedly "scouting" fleets.[3][4].
Each Tyranid fleet is composed of four major types of ships, and each type of ship is responsible for a different aspect of an invasion. All ships work together under the Hive Mind to devour the resources of a planet or destroy enemy armies. After taking resources from a planet, some ships "calve" new ships or expand in size. The ships are also factories that produce the different races of Tyranids that are sent down to the planet to gather resources for further expansion of the Hive Fleets.[4]
Each ship is named after the first hive fleet that the ship appeared in. The names "Tyranids," the designations of hive fleets, and other names of individual Tyranid creatures are named by scholars of the Imperium and not by the Tyranids themselves. The problem with labeling these ships comes from the fact that the ships are constantly changing. Thus, categories for the Tyranid fleets are based on size and purpose, not necessarily individual designs.[3]
Unlike other fleets, the Tyranids do not use shields or weapons in the traditional sense. In their place are "spores," globs of acids and other chemicals that surround the Tyranid vessels for defense and are launched at any nearby enemies.
There are five pieces of the Tyranid Fleet, created by Games Workshop, for the Battlefleet Gothic miniature game.
A Leviathan class hive ship is the largest Tyranid ship made by Games Workshop to date. According to Warhammer 40,000 mythos, they are the center of a hive fleet and function as the main producer of Tyranids. Each is capable of holding many thousands of invaders. They are also the ship that draws up the resources of a planet after a successful invasion and "devours" the material to form new creatures and ships.[4]
Leviathan class ships are capable of having five major weapons, one on its prow, three on its sides, and one on its "thorax." They are slow and have problems meeting enemies. They are a "synapse" creature and thus operate as the mind of the fleet, and are often carriers as well, able to pump out astounding amounts of living creatures; since smaller Tyranid spacecraft do not need to rearm and refuel (they are essentially kamikaze troopers), the Hive Ships can send out a quite literally endless stream of craft.
Hive Ships are the biggest known ships in the Tyranid fleets, and are roughly the same size as Imperial battleships. However, some Hive Ships have evolved to grow inordinately big, growing to sizes so astounding that they dwarf even battleships. [1]
A Razorfiend class cruiser is smaller but faster than the hive ships. They are found within fleets and on their own. The Battlefleet Gothic rulebook speaks of them being used as giant, living torpedoes, able to attack without concern for the safety of the individual ships.
Razorfiend class ships are capable of having four major weapons, one on its prow, two on its sides, and one on its "thorax." They are aggressive ships that will leave the main body of a hive fleet to directly attack or pursue nearby enemies, even smashing into enemies and attacking it in a kamikaze-like "melee" manner. For this purpose, some Razorfiend have even evolved massive claws and tentacles to attack enemy ships with, something that is quite unique for the Tyranids in the Battlefleet Gothic system. [1]
A Kraken is a giant escort creature that operates independently from the main hive fleet. They do not seek out planets like other ships nor do they carry troops. However, they do venture wherever they can, devouring ships in their path.
A Kraken is a massive creature with one weapon. They are also very fast and able to turn easily. They are also able to resist and regenerate damage, but are unable to produce spores for defense. Three species of Kraken have been recorded: the Ramsmitter (has a beaked prow), the Deathburner (releases acid at enemies), and the Smeltfeaster.[1]
A Prowler class vanguard drone is similar to the Kraken, as they operate far away from the fleets. However, the Vanguard seeks out new worlds for the hive fleet to devour and carries organisms, like Genestealers or Lictors, to infest the world with their cargo. Along with the Tyranid invaders, the Prowler releases spores and other catalysts onto the planet, which dramatically alters the environment in preparation for the oncoming invasion/harvest of the planets resources. Thus, Vanguard drones are often priority targets, as killing enough of them may halt the invasion slightly.
Prowler ships are a smaller ship with only one weapon. They are as fast as Kraken and are able to turn easily. They are attack ships and are able to lead the other ships of the hive fleet towards potential targets. They are rarely found with the main hive fleet, and when they are, they are only loading more cargo to begin further infestations.[1]
A Stalker class escort drone is similar to the Prowler drone but has extra armour and stays close to the Hive Fleet. They operate as escort ships and as a line of defense. They rarely are found outside of the main hive fleet.
Escorts have only one weapon. They are slow, bulky ships that have problems turning, but always stay nearby the hive ships. They are defense ships and will "instinctively" return to the fleet if ever stranded.[1]
There are three major Hive Fleets within the Warhammer 40,000 game. The first two, Behemoth and Kraken, were created for the Codex: Tyranids released for 2nd Edition. The third, Leviathan, was created for the Codex: Tyranids released for 3rd Edition and later expanded on in the 4th Edition Codex. Tiamat, Ouroboros, and Colossus were created for the 4th Edition codex. Colossus was created as mention for the Zoats species, a discontinued Tyranid species from the first edition of Warhammer 40,000, Rogue Trader.
Hive Fleet Behemoth invaded in a giant swarm of close to 1000 ships, and reached as far into Imperial Space as Macragge, the homeworld of the Ultramarines.[3].
The Tyranids attacked Macragge directly. The true power of the Hive fleet was shown as even though a warp vortex removed the hive fleets Synapse control, there was still a titanic struggle and great losses - including the heroic last stand of the Ultramarines veteran First Company, but eventually, the Ultramarines prevailed. The Tyranids threatening Macragge were slain and driven back. Reinforcements arrived before the hive fleet's second wave. The allies parted company and renewed their efforts to prevent the Tyranids regrouping.
The final action against Hive Fleet Behemoth occurred in orbit of the gas giant planet of Circe. At the height of the battle the flagship Dominus Astra charged straight into the heart of the Hive Fleet and triggered its warp drives, destroying it utterly.[3]
Hive Fleet Kraken was a large number of sub-fleets, which were eventually halted at the Battle of Iyanden and the Battle of Ichar IV. Surviving vessels spread out throughout the galaxy, forming the Splinter Fleets.
Hive Fleet Kraken's arrival was heralded by genestealer rebellions and insurrections on the Eastern Fringe. With these rebellions, the Tyranids split themselves into smaller swarms and devoured whole systems before any response could be made. Although this made each individual assault weaker and made some warp travel and communication possible, Kraken was attacking across a far vaster front than Behemoth. A vast portion of Kraken's strength attacked the Eldar Craftworld of Iyanden. Although eventually defeated, the Invasion killed four-fifths of the Craftworld's population.[3]
As the fleet faced more severe resistance, smaller sub-fleets combined to overcome it, narrowing the range of the Tyranid advance as it pushed further into the Imperium. After the Battle of Iyanden and the Ultramarines successful destruction of the Ichar IV rebellion, the Imperium's psykers were able to predict where the remainder of Kraken's strength was moving . Troops were rushed to Ichar IV ahead of the Tyranids, where Marneus Calgar, Chapter Master of the Ultramarines, led the Imperium to victory, albeit at massive casualties to the Imperials and the infrastructure of the planet.
Yet this was not the end of Kraken, for after the battle, the surviving vessels divided into a series of 'splinter fleets'. Although tiny by comparison, these continue to threaten isolated and poorly defended worlds, and increase their numbers with every consumed world.
Hive Fleet Leviathan was a two pronged attack approaching from below the galactic plane, spreading the phenomenon known as the Shadow in the Warp, which resulted in loss of communication across many Imperial worlds (however, it should be noted that communications between worlds already between the pincer of Leviathan were unaffected).[4].
The fleet appeared as a pair of closing jaws, cutting off huge stretches of space from warp travel and astropathy. Leviathan carved through the Imperium, devouring worlds until a galactic cordon was established by the Imperium, and each world within its confines to be evacuated and subjected to exterminatus. The decision condemned billions of Imperial citizens to extermination, which resulted in the slowing of the hive fleet.
Using a brood of captured Genestealers, the Imperium sent the Hive fleet into the Ork held Octavius system. The Orks of Octavius had been a thorn in the side of the Imperium for many generations, and defeating both the Orks and the Tyranids seemed to be the best course of action. The Genestealers impregnated so many orks that the entirety of Leviathan altered course for the system, to rendez-vous with their displaced kin. The Octavian Orks and Tyranids of Leviathan are still thoroughly involved with destroying each other; however, the Tyranids have acquired vast quantities of the highly modified Ork DNA, resulting in even larger assault organisms.[4].
While these are not traditional Hive Fleets, they are the first incarnations of invasion before the hive fleet was established in its format above.[4]
Also, in the Warhammer 40,000 rulebook on the Tyranid page, there is also a colour scheme for a Hive Fleet known as Harbinger, which bears generally dark red carapace and chitin, and turquoise blue flesh. Another of the less known Hive Fleets is Apophis, which has black carapace, red flesh, yellow lines on the carapace, green blood, eyes and tongues. Included online are many other possibilities for players[5].
The Battlefleet Gothic game treats the Tyranids as natural space creatures, able to manage space where other races may fail. They also treat the Tyranids as vicious predators that a crew of an enemy ship would rather annihilate/die trying than to ever be captured by them. The following are aspects of the Tyranids that are unique to the game.[1]
Tyranid ships surround themselves with "spores" that absorb enemy attacks and other problems in the same way as traditional shields would.
The Tyranid ships are capable of using many weapons:
Unlike other fleets, the Tyranids "refit" their ships via evolution; they devour their enemies, break them down into usable structures and compounds, and then create new ships that are able to adapt to the present situation.[1]